Documentation for routine shell assembled from the following pages:

Language documentation: Independent routines §

From Independent routines

(Independent routines) sub shell §

multi sub shell($cmd, :$in = '-', :$out = '-', :$err = '-',
                Bool :$bin, Bool :$chomp = True, Bool :$merge,
                Str :$enc, Str:D :$nl = "\n", :$cwd = $*CWD, :$env)

Runs a command through the system shell, which defaults to %*ENV<ComSpec> /c in Windows, /bin/sh -c otherwise. All shell metacharacters are interpreted by the shell, including pipes, redirects, environment variable substitutions and so on. Shell escapes are a severe security concern and can cause confusion with unusual file names. Use run if you want to be safe.

The return value is of type Proc.

shell 'ls -lR | gzip -9 > ls-lR.gz';

See Proc for more details, for example on how to capture output.

Class: Proc §

From Proc

(Proc) method shell §

method shell($cmd, :$cwd = $*CWD, :$env --> Bool:D)

Runs the Proc object with the given command and environment which are passed through to the shell for parsing and execution. See shell for an explanation of which shells are used by default in the most common operating systems.